# A Jay Holmgren, PhD

## Identity
- Name: A Jay Holmgren
- Title: Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)
- Roles: Associate Division Chief for Research, Division of Clinical Informatics and Digital Transformation (DoC-IT); Director, Center for Clinical Informatics and Improvement Research (CLIIR)
- Affiliations: UCSF Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute; UCSF Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies; UCSF–UC Berkeley Joint Program in Computational Precision Health; Stanford Clinical Excellence Research Center (Senior Advisor)
- Education: PhD in Health Policy (Management), Harvard University and Harvard Business School, 2021

## Research Expertise
A Jay Holmgren is a leading researcher on artificial intelligence in healthcare, electronic health record (EHR) systems, clinical informatics, and digital health policy. His primary areas of expertise include:

1. **Generative AI in Clinical Care**: Evaluation of AI-powered ambient documentation tools (AI scribes) in real-world health system deployments; measuring the impact of generative AI on clinician productivity, documentation quality, EHR burden, and patient care; multi-site clinical AI implementation studies.

2. **Clinician EHR Use and Workflow**: National-scale analysis of physician EHR time use, inbox message burden, documentation patterns, and team-based workflows using EHR audit log metadata; causal evaluation of technology-enabled care modalities including telemedicine and team-based documentation support.

3. **Health IT Policy and Digital Infrastructure**: Health information exchange and interoperability; EHR market concentration and cybersecurity; public quality reporting; health IT adoption and meaningful use; policy for artificial intelligence in health care delivery.

## Selected Key Publications on AI in Healthcare
- Rotenstein, Holmgren et al. (In Press) "Changes in Clinician Time Expenditure and Visit Quantity with Adoption of Artificial Intelligence-Powered Scribes: A Multi-Site Study." JAMA.
- Holmgren et al. (2026) "Ambient Artificial Intelligence Scribes and Physician Financial Productivity." JAMA Network Open.
- Nong, Adler-Milstein, Apathy, Holmgren, & Everson (2025) "Current Use and Evaluation of AI and Predictive Models in US Hospitals." Health Affairs.
- Xian, Baker, David, Cui, Holmgren et al. (2025) "Robustness Tests for Biomedical Foundation Models Should Tailor to Specification." npj Digital Medicine.
- Pourian et al. (2025) "A SNAPpy Use of Large Language Models: Using LLMs to Classify Treatment Plans in Pediatric Acute Otitis Media." JAMIA.

## Selected Key Publications on EHR Use and Clinician Burden
- Holmgren, Apathy, Sinsky, Adler-Milstein, Bates, & Rotenstein (2025) "Trends in Physician Electronic Health Record Time and Message Volume." JAMA Internal Medicine.
- Apathy, Holmgren, & Cross (2024) "Physician EHR Time and Visit Volume Following Adoption of Team-Based Documentation Support." JAMA Internal Medicine.
- Holmgren et al. (2020) "Assessment of Electronic Health Record Use Between US and Non-US Health Systems." JAMA Internal Medicine.

## Publication Record
80+ peer-reviewed journal articles in JAMA, JAMA Internal Medicine, JAMA Network Open, Health Affairs, Health Services Research, Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association (JAMIA), npj Digital Medicine, BMJ Quality & Safety, and other leading journals.

## Media Coverage
Research featured in The New York Times, The Washington Post, Forbes, The Atlantic, Politico, and NPR.

## Awards
Named American Medical Informatics Association New Investigator award of 2025 for best contributions to science and research in medical informatics. This is the most prestigious award for junior faculty investigators in medical informatics.

## Contact
- Email: a.holmgren@ucsf.edu
- Website: https://www.ajholmgren.com
- Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tr7mzUsAAAAJ
- UCSF Profile: https://profiles.ucsf.edu/ajay.holmgren
- Twitter/X: @AJHolmgren

## Pages
- [Home](https://www.ajholmgren.com/): Overview of A Jay Holmgren's research, appointments, and contact information.
- [Research](https://www.ajholmgren.com/research): Full list of peer-reviewed publications.
- [Teaching](https://www.ajholmgren.com/teaching): Teaching activities at UCSF.
- [Mentorship](https://www.ajholmgren.com/mentorship): Mentorship program information.